The Deutsch And Krauss Interpersonal Bargaining Experiment

The Deutsch and Krauss Interpersonal Bargaining experiment was performed by Morton Deutsch and Robert Krauss in 1960 and 1962 to study the theory of communication and cooperation and also trust and suspicion. Deutsch and Krauss were both professors in the psychology department of Columbia University. The experimenters came up with a hypothesis, designed their experiment to study the subject, and generated results. Deutsch and Krauss came up with two hypothesis. In their research paper they list them as follows: â€Å"1. Bargainers are more likely to reach an agreement, the stronger are their cooperative interests in comparison with their competitive interests. 2. Bargainers are more likely to reach an agreement, the more resources they†¦show more content†¦At the beginning of the trial, the subjects were told to only worry about their own gain. When the subjects ran into each other, a variety of different choices could be made from that point which is what Deutsch and Krauss were studying. Each pair of subjects were put into three different conditions that contained twenty trials. There was a no threat condition, a one way threat conditions, and a two way threat condition. In the end, Deutsch and Krauss concluded that in the no threat condition, subjects found it fairly easy to compromise, In the one way threat condition, the subjects found it difficult to come to a decision, and in the two way threat condition, it was extremely difficult for the subjects to come to an agreement. With this information, you can realize that if there is a big difference in what and the other person are trying to accommodate for, it will take longer for you and this person to come to an agreement. Agreements are much easier to reach in conditions where nobody is threatening each other, more difficult to reach when one person is using threats, and extremely difficult to arrive at when both people are using threats to achieve their goals. If you ever arrive at a moment where you want something and somebody else wants something, but you have to get through each other to reach it, the use of threats within your disagreement is very unlikely to help the situation in any way and usually makes it more difficult

Global Warming Should Be On Birth Control - 785 Words

Our main focus when discussing childbearing, especially in regards to climate change, should be on birth control. As Rieder said, â€Å"We know exactly how to make fewer babies, it is simply a matter of distributing those means to those who need them. This goes not only for developing countries but for Western countries as well. This issue, of course, bleeds into highly politicized waters. Any efforts to decrease worldwide fertility as a defense against global warming should not go through any one country, but rather be overseen by an international body such as the United Nations. According to Rieder in his NPR talk, methods such as â€Å"paying poor women to refill their birth control† have had proven success. While this is certainly the path we should start down, there is one step we need to take before this one: making birth control more widely available everywhere. As it stands, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) guarantees access to Birth Control to American women through private insurance companies, with a single exception: the precedent set by Burwell v. Hobby Lobby (Guttmacher) (Planned Parenthood). In 2014, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Hobby Lobby in the case of Burwell v. Hobby Lobby â€Å"that owners of some for-profit, private corporations can deny coverage of birth control to their staff because of their personal religious beliefs,† (Planned Parenthood). This has implications for employees of the companies who wish to exercise this new right in that they now either mustShow MoreRelatedThe Global Issue Of Population Growth960 Words   |  4 PagesBeyond a doubt we urgently need to address the devastating global issue of population growth in the United States America before we destroy our planet. We are facing many devastating economic problems, such as pollution, global warming, education, but the most critical is overconsumption. 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Employment Laws in Canada-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1. What laws apply to the business relationship regarding employee resignation? 2. What factors should be taken into consideration when assessing an apparent resignation? 3. What do you feel the employee would be entitled to in terms of damages? State both the employees and the employers position on damages. 4. What do you feel would be the likely outcome of this case? 5. What is the takeaway for businesses in the scenario? Answers: 1.It is to be mentioned that employment laws in Canada do not come under federal legislation and are thus governed by the legislation of the province in consideration. The Employment Standards Act is the main statute that governs the relationship between employers and employees. It is to be stated that a resignation of an employee has to be unequivocal and clear in order for such resignation to be considered valid. A resignation of an employee must be associated with a clear intention as held in the case Danroth v. Farrow Holdings Ltd. (2005), 47 B.C.L.R. (4th) 56 (C.A.). 2.It is to be mentioned that a test of reasonability is to be applied to assess whether a reasonable person would have understood that the statements and actions of the plaintiff indicate valid resignation as held in the case (Assouline v. Ogivar Inc., [1991] B.C.J. No. 3419 (S.C.) (Q.L.). The following conduct may constitute valid resignation; If the plaintiff does not provide proof of medical evidence despite being on sick leave Plaintiffs failure of returning to work after emotional outburst The failure on the part of the plaintiff o meet the defendant and have a discussion about solving the dispute 3.It is to be mentioned that just like an employer who terminates the employment of an employee by giving a reasonable notice period and providing such employee with a reasonable ground of termination, it is the duty of employees to give a notice to the employers about their decision of resigning. Failing to give such notice prior to resigning makes the employer eligible to claim damages from the employee. It is to be said that resigning without giving a notice is itself a breach of terms of the employment contract however for an employer to claim damages from the employee; such employer must prove the damage sustained by him due to the same as held in the case Consbec Inc. v. Walker. 4.In the given scenario it is to be mentioned that Jonas had returned his batch and removed his belongings from the workstation. He did not turn up for work in the following week. It is to be stated that resignations must be evaluated from the perspective of a reasonable person. And for a resignation to be valid there must be clear statement and intention of the employee who is resigning as held in the aforementioned Danroth v. Farrow Holdings Ltd case. Thus in this scenario it can be stated that the Jonas had not stated that he wished to resign or indulged in any conduct that could amount to resignation. He had unfairly dismissed. 5.Thus after analyzing the facts of the chosen case study and applying the legal case study it an be stated that employers need to be analyze the resignation of employees from a reasonable perspective. They must ensure that the conduct of the employee who has given the resignation must comply with conduct which is considered to amount to resignation. Employees who resign must also ensure that they give a prior notice of resigning otherwise they might be required to pay damages to the employers, if the employer sustains any damages due to the same. Employee are entitled to normal pay and leaves during the course of the notice period. Reference List: Assouline v. Ogivar Inc., [1991] B.C.J. No. 3419 (S.C.) (Q.L.) Danroth v. Farrow Holdings Ltd. (2005), 47 B.C.L.R. (4th) 56 (C.A.). Employment Standards Act, 2000, S.O. 2000, c. 41 Consbec Inc. v. Walker, 2016 BCCA 11

Martin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X Grew Up In Different Environments

Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X grew up in different environments. King was raised in a comfortable middle-class family where education was stressed. On the other hand, Malcolm X came from and underprivileged home. He was a self-taught man who received little schooling and rose to greatness on his own intelligence and determination. Martin Luther King was born into a family whose name in Atlanta was well established. Despite segregation, Martin Luther King's parents ensured that their child was secure and happy. Malcolm X was born on May 19, 1925 and was raised in a completely different atmosphere than King, an atmosphere of fear and anger where the seeds of bitterness were planted. The burning of his house by the Klu Klux Klan resulted in the murder of his father. His mother later suffered a nervous breakdown and his family was split up. He was haunted by this early nightmare for most of his life. From then on, he was driven by hatred and a desire for revenge. The earl y backgrounds of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King were largely responsible for the distinct different responses to American racism. Both men ultimately became towering icons of contemporary African-American culture and had a great influence on black Americans. However, King had a more positive attitude than Malcolm X, believing that through peaceful demonstrations and arguments, blacks will be able to someday achieve full equality with whites. Malcolm X's despair about life was reflected in his angry, pessimistic belief that equality is impossible because whites have no moral conscience. King basically adopted on an integrationalist philosophy, whereby he felt that blacks and whites should be united and live together in peace. Malcolm X, however, promoted nationalist and separatist doctrines. For most of his life, he believed that only through revolution and force could blacks attain their rightful place in society. Both X and King spread their message through powerful, hard-hit ting speeches. Nevertheless, their intentions were delivered in different styles and purposes. ?King was basically a peaceful leader who urged non-violence to his followers. He travelled about the country giving speeches that inspired black and white listeners to work together for racial harmony.? (pg. 135, Martin Luther King Jr. and the Freedom Movement) Malcolm X, for the most part, believed that non-violence and integration was a trick by the whites to keep blacks in their places. He was furious at white racism and encouraged his followers through his speeches to rise up and protest against their white enemies. After Malcolm X broke away from Elijah Mohammed, this change is reflected in his more moderate speeches. Malcolm X and Martin Luther King's childhoods had powerful influences on the men and their speeches. Malcolm X was brought up in an atmosphere of violence. During his childhood, Malcolm X suffered not only from abuse by whites, but also from domestic viol ence. His father beat his mother and both of them abused their children. His mother was forced to raise eight children during the depression. After his mother had a mental breakdown, the children were all placed in foster homes. Malcolm X's resentment was increased as he suffered through the ravages of integrated schooling. Although an intelligent student who shared the dream of being a lawyer with Martin Luther King, Malcolm X's anger and disillusionment caused him to drop out of school. He started to use cocaine and set up a burglary ring to support his expensive habit. Malcolm X's hostility and promotion of violence as a way of getting change was well established in his childhood. Martin Luther King lived in an entirely different environment. He was a smart student and skipped two grades before entering an ivy league college at only the age of 15. He was the class valedictorian with an A average. King paraded his graduation present in a new green Chevrolet before his fellow graduates. He was raised in the perfect environment where dreams and love were generated. King and X's childhoods are ?a study in polarity.? (pg. 254, Reflecting Black) Whereas, Malcolm X was raised in nightmarish conditions. King's home was almost dream-like. He was raised in a comfortable middle-class home where strong values natured his sense of self-worth. Sure, many